Halcinonide didn’t just appear overnight. Its story began in the pharmaceutical exploration of the late twentieth century. Researchers sought stronger, more targeted corticosteroid agents to tackle the stubborn skin inflammations that people faced daily. The focus remained on safety and potency—dermatologists wanted something that eased symptoms quickly without dragging along harsh side effects. Halcinonide entered the clinic as part of a wave of synthetic corticosteroids offering just that. It carried the benefits of earlier molecules but with modifications to improve anti-inflammatory action and skin penetration. Hospitals and physicians saw reduced flare-ups and increased patient comfort with Halcinonide, lining up behind it for a variety of chronic skin conditions.
Halcinonide comes in the form of a prescription-only topical medication. Most folks know it as a cream or ointment, usually at a concentration of 0.05%. Pharmacies dispense it for a wide spectrum of dermatitis issues: think eczema, psoriasis, and allergic rashes. It works by calming immune activity in the skin, which slows the redness, swelling, and itching that keep people up at night. As with most potent steroids, this medicine doesn’t replace moisturizers or barrier creams; it fills a role when the inflammation refuses to let up. The product’s packaging always includes a tamper-evident seal and clear labeling to prevent confusion and misuse.
Halcinonide takes the form of a white or almost white crystalline powder under normal lab conditions. It doesn’t dissolve easily in water, pushing scientists toward solvents like ethanol and acetone during formulation. Chemically, it belongs to the class of halogenated corticosteroids. What sets Halcinonide apart is the fluorine and chlorine atoms sitting on its steroid backbone; these tweaks make the molecule punch above its weight in fighting inflammation. The molecular formula, C24H32ClFO5, shows the presence of those atoms. Its melting point lands between 233°C and 235°C, which tells compounding pharmacists what to expect during production and storage.
Manufacturers put a strong emphasis on technical clarity. Labels mark the concentration—almost always 0.05%—along with usage instructions drafted in simple, direct language. Storage conditions usually recommend cool and dry places, away from sunlight. Packaging typically mentions the intended routes of use: external, and never for the eyes, mouth, or large areas of broken skin. The U.S. Pharmacopeia sets strict purity standards; the drug needs to surpass 98% purity for clinical use. Each manufacturer produces detailed datasheets showing batch-specific identity, thickness, and the absence of residual solvents or foreign particles. Children and those pregnant consider the warnings closely. Physicians check for interactions with other skin treatments.
In practice, Halcinonide synthesis draws from the base structure of prednisolone. Chemical engineers introduce halogen atoms—first chlorine, later fluorine—through precise halogenation steps. Protecting groups shield sensitive parts of the molecule during these operations. Skilled hands and tight controls ensure that each reaction finishes before moving on, lowering accidental by-products. Purification follows, where the crude Halcinonide gets washed and isolated through crystallization or extraction, trimming away impurities. The powder goes through rigorous assay tests before heading to compounding labs, where pharmaceutical teams blend it into creams or ointments with stabilizers like white petrolatum, propylene glycol, or emulsifiers.
Halcinonide’s chemical structure leaves room for subtle modifications. Medicinal chemists sometimes tweak its esters or alter the halogen pattern to push for even greater skin selectivity or lower systemic absorption. Reactions often focus on the functional groups at the seventeenth and twenty-first positions, fine-tuning skin activity and retention time. While Halcinonide already boasts strong lipid solubility, modifications could reduce irritation or improve compatibility with new cosmetic bases. That drive for next-generation corticosteroids means Halcinonide’s backbone serves as a launchpad for deeper exploration in steroid chemistry.
Doctors and pharmacies recognize Halcinonide under various trade names. “Halog” stands out in North America, while international catalogs sometimes list it as “Halcinocort” or “Halcinonidum.” Chemical supply sheets and academic papers stick with the IUPAC name: 21-Chloro-9-fluoro-11β,16α,17,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 16,17-acetonide. Patients shopping in online or international markets might stumble on different names, but the active molecule remains unchanged. Pharmacies work to clear up confusion at the counter, since corticosteroid mix-ups bring real health consequences.
Topical corticosteroids walk a fine line. With Halcinonide, too much exposure leads to skin thinning, bruising, stretch marks, or, rarely, systemic side effects resembling Cushing’s syndrome. Patient education stays front and center. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency watch closely over label updates and formulation changes. Quality assurance teams test each lot for correct drug concentration and microbiological contamination. Pharmacies lock Halcinonide away, dispensing it only with a valid prescription and detailed application guidance. Occupational standards in manufacturing include protective gear, fume hoods, and regular surface cleansing to keep workers from unintentional contact or inhalation.
Halcinonide shows its real value in persistent, moderate-to-severe dermatological issues. Doctors reach for it in adults battling atopic dermatitis, lichen planus, chronic eczema, or stubborn plaques of psoriasis. Pediatricians use it only with caution, reserving prescriptions for short-term stints where lesser steroids provide no relief. Patients appreciate how quickly symptoms back off, usually within a week, though professionals keep close tabs to make sure improvement doesn’t mask deeper, undiagnosed disorders. The cream formula absorbs well, making it easier for patients bothered by greasy residues or cosmetic issues. Veterinary dermatologists apply Halcinonide in select cases for companion animals, especially when itching or inflammation won’t resolve with weaker drugs.
Halcinonide’s history includes a track record of clinical studies analyzing outcomes in different skin ailments. Researchers focus on absorption rates, depth of skin penetration, and minimization of side effects. Academic collaborations continue today, chasing new methods to deliver the drug deeper into the skin without raising risks. Teams experiment with nanoemulsions, microneedle patches, and combination therapies pairing Halcinonide with antifungals or antibiotics. Each published trial shifts expert opinions, spurring shifts in guidelines from major dermatology associations. Researchers look for ways to balance benefit and risk, especially in sensitive populations where long-term steroid use creates tough choices.
Halcinonide rarely triggers acute toxicity, though chronic misuse brings complications. Animal studies show that high doses, applied over months, can thin the skin or alter hormone levels. In people, most troubles come from prolonged unsupervised use: thinning, bruising, and sometimes superinfection with bacteria or fungi. Cases of systemic absorption causing adrenal suppression pop up from time to time, especially in babies or elderly patients. Researchers push for better patient education, because even strong drugs like Halcinonide can be safe with correct use. Pharmaceutical safety officers monitor for batch irregularities, mislabeling, or contamination.
Halcinonide’s future rests on innovation in delivery systems and smarter patient management. Dermatologists and pharmaceutical scientists question the need for daily applications when depot or foam-based systems might sustain relief longer with fewer side effects. Emerging data from genetic studies could predict patients who need a specific corticosteroid or who face increased risks from topical use. The pressure grows for more sustainable packaging, fewer environmental contaminants, and transparency around ingredient sourcing. Research teams keep up the search for analogs that pair Halcinonide’s effectiveness with ever-lower risk—a challenge that inspires plenty of creative chemistry and clinical science. The enduring need for safe, strong topical treatments means Halcinonide’s story won’t end any time soon.
Most folks reading a prescription label might see the word "Halcinonide" and move on. To a pharmacist, this name signals a serious corticosteroid cream that's commonly handed out for inflamed, red, intensely itchy skin conditions. Dermatologists write for it when stronger itch fighters don't fit or when over-the-counter remedies have let their patients down. I’ve watched neighbors and colleagues pick up tubes for psoriasis, stubborn eczema, and angry rash flare-ups—the kind that break sleep and push the limits of patience.
Halcinonide packs more punch than hydrocortisone. Rashes that laugh off milder ointments often quiet down within days of smear-on therapy with this stuff. The science behind it is simple: it works deep into the skin, taming overactive immune responses driving redness and swelling. A parent with a child battling persistent eczema may end up using Halcinonide as a lifesaver during bad flare-ups. That kind of fast relief helps avoid desperate late-night phone calls, urgent care runs, and—frankly—burnout from chronic itching.
People jump to steroid creams for quick solutions. Halcinonide, like any potent steroid, can thin skin with repeated use. Folds, face, and genitals soak in more than arms and legs—so docs steer folks clear of these spots. Kids have thinner skin than adults, so their risk jumps. Stories of skin thinning or stretch marks from repeated steroid overuse aren't rare. I once watched a friend develop telltale white marks after several months applying a steroid cream off and on above his knees. He had no idea prescription strength mattered that much outside the doctor’s office.
Halcinonide doesn’t tackle infections. Fungal rashes—ringworm, athletes’ foot—can actually worsen under the immune suppression such creams deliver. I’ve seen patients show up with angry, spreading red patches after misreading their rash as eczema when it was actually thrush or a bacterial infection. Sometimes, what looks like allergy doesn’t call for steroids at all. Experienced clinicians reinforce the value of a clear diagnosis—using Halcinonide on the wrong issue rarely helps, and it sometimes masks problems, making things worse.
Doctors play a key role guiding people through steroid use. Directions on the box rarely match up to the real conversations needed in clinic rooms. I’ve spent time working with families to “step-down” steroid use—tapering tube frequency or shifting to milder creams through the year to protect the skin. Regular follow-ups make all the difference in preventing scars, rebound rashes, and unhealthy skin thinning. People who learn how to apply sparingly—often a pea-sized amount for a big patch—end up with healthier skin and fewer worries about side effects.
Access to good dermatological care remains uneven. Not every community clinic has a skin expert on staff, and many people go months or years mismanaging chronic rashes. Insurance barriers sometimes block the best drug for a given case, leaving cheaper but less potent creams as the only choice. Advocacy grows for more coverage across steroid classes and for pharmacist-led skin care counseling in rural or overwhelmed clinics.
Halcinonide makes short work of tough inflammation, but not every red or itchy patch deserves this tool. The best care often means personal guidance and honest conversations between doctors, pharmacists, and patients—along with more public education so people know what goes on their skin and why the instructions matter.
People who’ve dealt with tough skin problems—thick patches of eczema, stubborn dermatitis, or harsh psoriasis—know the desperation to get some relief. As someone who’s lived through angry red flare-ups and the constant itch, I get why prescription creams like halcinonide feel like a lifeline. The key is respecting the power of these medicines and following practical steps for safe use. Let’s lay out what you need to know if your doctor handed over that tube of halcinonide.
A lot of people skip this bit, but dirty hands cause bacteria to spread, literally right into damaged skin. Washing hands first also helps you think through the process, instead of rushing and smearing cream in a hurry. Only use the medicine on clean, dry skin. Water or sweat trapped under the ointment could slow healing or, even worse, bring on infection.
Old advice says “apply a thin layer,” but what does that actually mean? Pharmacists explain that a fingertip unit—enough to cover the tip of your index finger—spreads easily across a spot about the size of two adult hands. I learned early on that squeezing out big blobs can backfire. You won’t heal faster, and you might get thinning skin over time. One study in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology showed that folks using higher-than-prescribed doses of strong topical steroids faced more side effects like bruising, stretch marks, and infections. Stick to what your doctor says, and call if you’re unsure.
Halcinonide packs a punch. It wasn’t designed for use on the face, groin, underarms, or anywhere skin folds over on itself (like under breasts). These spots absorb medicine extra fast, upping the risk for burning or permanent skin changes. Most doctors only recommend milder creams here. If you accidentally put some there, gently wash off with soap and water, then pat dry.
Covering treated skin can seem logical—who wouldn’t want to keep medicine from rubbing off? The issue: wrapping or bandaging traps heat and moisture, making the medicine act stronger and more likely to cause side effects. Only use dressings if your healthcare provider gives clear instructions to do so. For most everyday uses, clothing alone offers enough protection.
Redness, burning, worsening rash, or pimples can pop up if you react to the ointment itself. I always remind family and friends not to push through new or different discomfort. Stop right away and call your healthcare team if you see anything strange.
I’ve seen what even a speck of steroid cream near the eye can do: swelling, cataracts, or even glaucoma risk with repeated exposure. Wipe your hands well after putting halcinonide on, and stay mindful if you accidentally brush your face or rub your eyes afterward.
This cream isn’t a cure-all. Anyone using it long term should check back with their doctor, especially if it’s not helping after a couple of weeks. With halcinonide, small habits—like using gentle cleansers and moisturizer, not scratching, and tracking side effects—go a long way in healing without regret.
Doctors often reach for high-potency corticosteroids like Halcinonide when eczema or psoriasis spirals out of control. I’ve seen people breathe a sigh of relief as inflammation and redness disappear after just days of dabbing on the cream. Halcinonide, though, doesn’t always keep its promises without asking for something back. Every time you apply it, the steroid soaks into the skin, working deep under the surface. This can solve big problems fast, but the trade-off sometimes shows up fast too.
Burning, stinging, and itchiness tend to sound minor, but after a week or two, the discomfort piles up. In my work as a journalist shadowing dermatology clinics, I met patients who stuck with their prescription even as thin, stretched-out patches of skin formed. Sometimes these places bruise without warning or begin to show little blood vessels, almost like spider webs just under the skin. Doctors call this atrophy, but it feels like you’re watching a patch of yourself age in fast forward. Kids and folks with thin skin seem to notice these problems even sooner, since their bodies soak up topical steroids much more readily.
People expect side effects where they smear the cream, but steroids can take the expressway through blood vessels and find their way to places you can’t see in the mirror. Halcinonide can sometimes cause your body to make less of its own natural corticosteroids, especially when used over large areas or for months. That sometimes leads to tiredness, headaches, or even confusion. A friend recently told me about his unpredictable sugar levels, only to discover his skin treatment played a role in his body’s cortisol roller-coaster.
Scratching already fragile skin only makes problems worse. Thinning skin means less of a barrier, easier entry for bacteria and fungi. I’ve covered stories of people who thought they had a new rash, only to find they’d developed a full-blown skin infection, sometimes under the ointment itself.
FDA-guided trials as well as patient records show the most common side effects — burning, itching, dryness — show up in as many as 10% of users. Atrophy and stretch marks arrive with longer use. More widespread or prolonged use leads to higher odds of the “systemic” side effects, like glucose intolerance or – in rare cases – Cushing’s syndrome, a disease of steroid excess. The National Institutes of Health warns parents especially to watch for growth problems in kids who use potent topical steroids for weeks at a time.
Doctors aren’t shy about letting patients know these creams aren’t forever. I’ve heard dermatologists recommend switching to lower-potency options as inflammation calms, or spacing out applications to once a day, then every other day, to give skin a break. Moisturizers act almost like body armor, forming a layer that holds healing in and keeps outside threats out. Honest reporting and transparency about risks help people push back against shame. No one wants to talk about stretch marks or sore skin. Bringing these stories into the open lets people weigh the relief against the risk.
Some days, relief from a flare makes almost any side effect feel worth it. But caring for skin means more than just chasing away rashes. Doctors, patients, and reporters all have a role in talking about strong creams like Halcinonide in real terms — not just the quick fixes, but the long march toward safer, healthier skin.
Halcinonide cream packs a strong punch. Doctors prescribe it for tough skin conditions like eczema and psoriasis when weaker creams don’t cut it. The relief it gives—less itching, fewer rashes—can make daily life feel possible again. But that power comes with a warning label: extra caution on delicate skin, especially faces and kids.
Facial skin always reacts faster to medicines, good or bad. I’ve seen what happens when someone uses a strong steroid cream on their face. It can fade redness, sure, but the aftermath—skin thinning, easy bruising, visible blood vessels, even persistent pimples—comes up way too often. Halcinonide belongs to the “high-potency” steroids, so these risks shoot up. The American Academy of Dermatology straight up advises against regular use of potent topical steroids on the face. The skin here absorbs medicine faster, which boosts side effects in a hurry.
Once the skin barrier starts to break down, it won’t bounce back overnight. A few days with Halcinonide might not wreck your skin, but chronic or repeated use? The damage can stack up without warning. The face deserves lighter-touch medicines unless a specialist with a good reason says otherwise.
I remember helping a neighbor whose young child had itchy rashes. A doctor gave them Halcinonide, but only after every other option failed. Kids’ skin drinks up topical steroids compared to adults. Their bodies—smaller, still growing—process these chemicals differently. The risk isn’t only on the surface. There’s a real chance steroids like Halcinonide can affect growth or mess with hormones if used much or often.
Pediatricians and dermatologists keep steroid strength as low as possible for youngsters. Halcinonide only enters the picture for patches of skin that just won’t respond to milder creams. Even then, doctors keep the dose tiny and the treatment short. Rushing to use strong medicine seems tempting for fast relief, but that can turn a minor issue into a chronic one with thinner, more fragile skin.
Guidelines from top dermatology groups and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration back this up: keep Halcinonide, and other high-potency steroids, away from faces and kids unless a provider says it’s absolutely needed. People sometimes borrow tubes from friends or old prescriptions, thinking creams are harmless. That’s a gamble with real risks. If a rash or eczema patch pops up, mild steroid creams usually do the job, and basic skincare—gentle cleansers, unscented moisturizers—makes a big difference.
If nothing eases the redness or itching, see a dermatologist. They can spot whether something stronger truly fits, or if there’s a safer answer. Experience shows that skipping the specialist and going straight to powerful steroids on sensitive areas makes things worse before they get better. Always better to lean on expert advice for peace of mind and healthy skin that lasts.
Halcinonide isn’t something you find next to the ordinary lotions or bandages at the local pharmacy. Most pharmacies keep it behind the counter because halcinonide packs real power as a high-potency topical steroid. Anyone who’s wrestled with conditions like stubborn eczema or psoriasis probably knows how frustrating it can get when nothing off the shelf seems to help. Still, halcinonide is not poured into easy-access tubes for a reason.
Using halcinonide falls squarely under the guidance of a health professional. Pharmacists and doctors don’t just stand in your way to make things harder. They watch your back because overuse or misuse of strong steroids can make skin problems worse. I’ve seen people dealing with thinning skin, strange rashes, and even breakouts after trying to save time with leftover steroid creams. A prescription means a doctor looks at your skin firsthand and decides how long and where to apply it—for your safety, not their paperwork habit.
Halcinonide belongs on a short list of topical drugs that pack a punch. In studies, high-potency steroids have triggered more side effects than weaker ointments. Problems like skin thinning, easy bruising, and even hormone disruption pop up when people stretch out use without a doctor’s eye. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifies these drugs as prescription-only to set a clear line between safe use and risky shortcuts.
After years of juggling occasional bouts of dermatitis, I’ve learned the hard way what works and what bites back. One patch on my arm needed more than store-brand cream, and my doctor wrote an exact plan using a potent steroid—halcinonide made a fast difference. But he also warned me not to stray from the instructions. That chat left an impression: Pharmacy rules aren’t just red tape, they protect folks like me from turning a fix into a bigger mess.
Some worry about jumping through prescription hoops, especially when clinics mean time off work or extra money. Telemedicine and walk-in clinics have shaken up how quick you can see a provider, which takes some sting out of getting a prescription. There’s still a big need for better education though. Many don’t realize not all rashes need a nuclear solution—and halcinonide should stay in the heavy-duty toolkit. Education from doctors, pharmacists, and even community events helps people know when to push for something strong and when gentle care works better.
If strong steroids like halcinonide were sold without limits, more people would end up hurt in the long run. Recalls, warnings, and safety studies remind us that shortcuts lead to bigger health headaches. Following advice from the FDA, pharmacists, and regular check-ins with a doctor keeps treatments effective—and people safe. Cutting corners with powerful medication just isn’t worth the risk. That’s a lesson I won’t easily forget.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | (1R,2S,8S,10S,11S,13R,14S,15S,17S)-14-(2-chloroacetyl)-11-hydroxy-2,15-dimethyl-5,7-dioxapentacyclo[8.8.0.0²,⁸.0¹⁰,¹⁵.0¹¹,¹³]octadeca-3,12-dien-6-one |
| Other names |
Halcinonide Anhydrous
halcinonide acid Halog Halcinonidum |
| Pronunciation | /halˈsɪn.ə.naɪd/ |
| Preferred IUPAC name | (6α,11β,16α)-21-Chloro-6,9-difluoro-11,17-dihydroxy-16,17-[(cyclopropylmethylene)bis(oxy)]pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione |
| Other names |
Halog
Halcin Winsthal |
| Pronunciation | /halˈsɪn.əˌnaɪd/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | [20687-27-2] |
| 3D model (JSmol) | `3D model (JSmol)` string for **Halcinonide**: ``` C1=CC2=C(C=C1C3CC(C(C3(F)C(=O)CO)O)C(=O)C2(C)C)C(=O)COC(=O)CCl ``` |
| Beilstein Reference | 3924819 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:34403 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1201 |
| ChemSpider | 72752 |
| DrugBank | DB06786 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 1007004 |
| EC Number | EC 3.2.1.10 |
| Gmelin Reference | 637854 |
| KEGG | D01724 |
| MeSH | D006192 |
| PubChem CID | 35506 |
| RTECS number | RN2230000 |
| UNII | EQX8VB088O |
| UN number | UN2811 |
| CAS Number | ‘58430-10-9’ |
| Beilstein Reference | 72768 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:34205 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1452 |
| ChemSpider | 5073 |
| DrugBank | DB06786 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.041.277 |
| EC Number | EC 254-732-8 |
| Gmelin Reference | 83749 |
| KEGG | D01716 |
| MeSH | D004238 |
| PubChem CID | 35500 |
| RTECS number | RT0690000 |
| UNII | 2L4JI5X2D6 |
| UN number | UN2811 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C24H32ClFO4 |
| Molar mass | 454.978 g/mol |
| Appearance | White to off-white crystalline powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.1 g/cm3 |
| Solubility in water | Practically insoluble in water |
| log P | 3.6 |
| Acidity (pKa) | 14.07 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 1.72 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -6.5e-6 |
| Viscosity | Viscous |
| Dipole moment | 3.89 D |
| Chemical formula | C24H32ClFO4 |
| Molar mass | 454.967 g/mol |
| Appearance | White to off-white crystalline powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.1 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | Practically insoluble in water |
| log P | 2.49 |
| Acidity (pKa) | 13.94 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 1.96 |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.627 |
| Viscosity | Viscous |
| Dipole moment | 3.06 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -9792.6 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -9029.7 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | D07AD02 |
| ATC code | D07AD02 |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | May cause eye and skin irritation. |
| GHS labelling | GHS02, GHS07, GHS08 |
| Pictograms | eye irritation, hands wash, avoid inhalation, gloves, warning |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H315: Causes skin irritation. H319: Causes serious eye irritation. H335: May cause respiratory irritation. |
| Precautionary statements | Keep out of reach of children. For external use only. Avoid contact with eyes. If irritation develops, discontinue use and consult a physician. Use only as directed by a healthcare professional. |
| Flash point | Halcinonide has a flash point of 232.3°C |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 (Rat, oral): >2000 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose): Mouse (intravenous): 16 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | HX4725000 |
| PEL (Permissible) | Not Established |
| REL (Recommended) | 0.1% |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Not established |
| Main hazards | May cause skin irritation; avoid contact with eyes; prolonged use may cause systemic absorption and side effects. |
| GHS labelling | GHS05, GHS07 |
| Pictograms | R06; R36; R43 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | No hazard statements. |
| Precautionary statements | Keep out of reach of children. For external use only. Avoid contact with eyes. If irritation develops, discontinue use and consult a physician. |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | NFPA 704: 2-2-0 |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose) of Halcinonide: "Greater than 3g/kg (rat, oral) |
| PEL (Permissible) | Not Established |
| REL (Recommended) | 0.1% |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Corticosteroid
Fluocinonide Desonide Amcinonide Diflorasone Fluocinolone acetonide |
| Related compounds |
Acetonide
Desonide Fluorometholone Triamcinolone |
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